SPECTRA

SPECTRA capabilities

SPECTRA was developed to perform various types of thermal-hydraulic analyses:

• Reactor design analyses
• Design basis accident analyses, for example
  • Loss of coolant accidents (LOCAs)
  • Operational transients
• Beyond-design basis accident analyses
• Construction of interactive simulators

This is achieved through the use of various calculation packages, including:

• Multidimensional two-phase flow
• Non-equilibrium thermo-dynamics
• Multi-dimensional transient heat conduction in solid structures
• General heat and mass transfer (natural and forced convection, condensation and boiling)
• Fluid properties (water, steam, non-condensable gases, liquid metals, molten salts)
• Reactor kinetics (control rods, thermal feedback)
• Radioactive particle transport (sorption and condensation)
• Hydrogen burning (deflagrations, flame acceleration, detonations)
• High temperature oxidation models (oxidation Zircaloy, steel, graphite, etc.)

Specific advantages of SPECTRA over other codes include:

• Full flexibility in designing the input model
• Modeling of components specific to HTRs, for example turbine and compressors
• Possibility of analysing accidents using small time steps, as well as long term stationary state analyses using large time steps (obtaining dust and fission product distributions during plant life-time)
• Various dust-related models
  • Turbulent deposition
  • Inertial impaction
  • Resuspension
  • Sorption of fission product vapors on metallic plates (plateout) and dust particles

SPECTRA provides clear documentation including program description, users guide, verification and validation manual. Input errors are handled in a clear and user friendly manner.